CLAT 2023 form exam date syllabus result

Common-Law Admission Test (CLAT) is administered by the Consortium of National Law Universities (CLAT). CLAT 2023 will occur whereas CLAT 2023 would take place. On January 1 ,2023 the Common Law Admission Test (CLAT) 2023 registration procedure will commence. The application procedure will begin. according to an official statement released by the Consortium of National Law Universities (Consortium of NLUs). Candidates can fill out an online application form at consortiumofnlus.ac.in. CLAT’s application site will be active until. On., an offline test will be held. Individuals who have passed Class 12 or will sit for the board exam are eligible to register for UG-CLAT 2023, whereas candidates who have finished or are in the last year of their LLB degree are eligible to apply for CLAT LLM.

CLAT Exam Date 2023 Out: 

Students who desire to enroll in Undergraduate (UG) and Postgraduate (PG) law studies at 22 National Law Universities and other private law colleges/universities that recognize Law scores take the Common Law Entrance Test. CLAT is organized by the Consortium of National Law Universities, which is composed of delegates from national law schools.

CLAT Exam is held once a year to provide possibilities to applicants seeking admission to law schools and colleges. In addition to NLU, over 50 private institutions and universities accept CLAT scores for admission. If you’re interested in learning more about CLAT 2023, read on to learn about the Application Fee, Exam Date, CLAT Courses, CLAT Colleges, Exam Pattern, CLAT Syllabus, Exam Centers, and more.

CLAT Exam Date 2023

The CLAT Exam Date was announced during a press conference held at NALSAR University of Law, Hyderabad, by the Consortium of National Law Universities’ Annual Executive Committee and General Body Meetings, which were chaired by Prof. Faizan Mustafa. Two Common Law Admission Tests are scheduled to take place in 2023, according to the release. CLAT 2023 will occur on, whereas CLAT 2023 would take place.

CLAT 2023 Exam Date

According to the amended CLAT Exams schedule published by the Consortium of National Law Universities, the CLAT 2023 Exam will be held. Check out the CLAT 2023 provisional timetable, which will be confirmed after the notice is made public.

Events	Dates (Tentative)
CLAT 2023 Notification	November 2023
Release of Online Application Form	1 November 2023
Last date of Application Date	31 Mar 2023
Withdrawal of Application	December 2023
CLAT Admit Card Release Date	April 2023
CLAT 2023 Exam Date	08th May 2023
Answer Key Release Date	June 2023
CLAT 2023 Result	June 2023
Counseling Sessions	June/July 2023
online apply link	https://consortiumofnlus.ac.in

CLAT 2023- Overview

CLAT is a common law admissions exam administered annually by the Consortium of National Law Universities, and it has been agreed to hold it twice this year (May & December 2021) We’ve put up an outline of the CLAT test to give you a taste of what to expect on the big day.

Exam Highlights	Details
Exam Name	CLAT 2023 (Common Law Admission Test)
CLAT Exam Conducting Body	A consortium of National Law Universities
CLAT Exam Level	UG and PG
CLAT Exam Frequency	Twice
CLAT Exam Mode	Online
CLAT Exam Duration	120 Minutes
Number of Questions	UG: 150 and PG: 100
Question type	MCQs
Marking	0.25 marks for each wrong answer
CLAT Exam Language	English
Number of seats	To be notified
Participating NLUs	22
CLAT Exam Purpose	Admissions to BA LLB, BCom LLB, BSc LLB, BBA LLB, BSW LLB, LLM courses
Email	[email protected]
Phone	080 47162020 (between 10:00 am and 5:00 pm) all working days
Website	www.consortiumofnlus.ac.in

CLAT 2023: The last date to apply

The test will be offered for undergraduate and postgraduate programs, according to the official website update. Exam dates for CLAT 2023 may vary in the future depending on the situation. The registration form must be submitted before March 31, 2023.

CLAT Admission Process

Candidates must take the CLAT 2023 online entrance test, which will be held by NUALS Kochi this year, in order to get admission to one of the 22 participating NLUs.

Following that, when the results are announced, the applicants will be assigned a seat in the NLU’s preferred order (as indicated on the online application form), based on seat availability and merit list.

As a result, the CLAT 2023 selection process will be divided into three stages:

1. Take an online test

2. Counselling

3. The Merit  List

Courses offered through CLAT 2023

On the basis of CLAT scores, the National Legal Universities (NLUs) in India (excluding the NLU Delhi) and other prominent law universities provide admission to five-year integrated LLB and LLM programs. The following courses are available:

1. B.A. L.B. (Bachelor of Arts LLB)

2. Bachelor of Science in Law (LLB) (Bachelor of Science LLB)

3. Bachelor of Commerce and Bachelor of Laws (Bachelor of Commerce LLB)

4. LLB with a BBA (Bachelor of Business Administration LLB)

5. LLB BSW (Bachelor of Social Work LLB)

6. LLM (Long Term Management) (Master of Laws)

Participating Universities

CLAT is a test that is used to get into 22 NLUs and more than 50 private law institutions throughout India. The following is a list of national law schools that accept CLAT scores for undergraduate and graduate programs:

NLUs Accepting CLAT Scores
National Law School of India University, Bangalore	National Academy of Legal Study & Research (NALSAR) University of Law, Hyderabad
The West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences, Kolkata	National Law Institute University, Bhopal
National Law University, Jodhpur	Hidayatullah National Law University, Raipur
Gujarat National Law University, Gandhinagar	Dr. Ram Manohar Lohiya National Law University, Lucknow
Rajiv Gandhi National University of Law, Patiala	Chanakya National Law University Patna
National University of Advanced Legal Studies, Kochi	National Law University Odisha, Cuttack
National University of Study & Research in Law, Ranchi	National Law University & Judicial Academy, Assam
Damodaram Sanjivayya National Law University (DSNLU) Visakhapatnam	The Tamil Nadu National Law School, Tiruchirapalli
Maharashtra National Law University, Mumbai	Maharashtra National Law University, Nagpur
Maharashtra National Law University, Aurangabad	Himachal Pradesh National Law University, Shimla
Dharmashastra National Law University, Jabalpur	Dr. B R Ambedkar National Law University Sonipat, Haryana

CLAT 2023 Exam Pattern

Exam Patterns for UG and PG Courses in CLAT 2023 may be found here. Exam format, syllabus, and marking scheme for CLAT 2023 are all available online.

CLAT Exam Pattern for UG Course

The CLAT UG Course question paper will only be accessible in English. The UG-CLAT 2023 will be a two-hour exam with 150 multiple-choice questions each worth one mark. In addition, each erroneous answer has a 0.25-point penalty.

Particulars	Details
Maximum Marks	150
No. of Questions	150
Marks per Question	1
Duration	2 Hours
Negative Marking	0.25 for the wrong answer

These questions would be divided across the following 5 subjects:

1. English Language

2. Current Affairs, including General Knowledge

3. Legal Reasoning

4. Logical Reasoning

5. Quantitative Techniques

Below you can check out the detailed CLAT 2023 UG exam pattern:

Name of the Section	Number of Questions	Duration
English Language	28-32	2 hours (120 mins.)
Quantitative Techniques	13-17
Current Affairs including General Knowledge	35-39
Logical Reasoning	28-32
Legal Reasoning	35-39
Total	150

CLAT Exam Pattern for PG Course

CLAT for PG Courses will be a two-hour, 120-point test. CLAT PG Exam 2023 has two portions, one with MCQs and the other with subjective questions. Every incorrect answer will result in a 0.25 point deduction.

Particulars	Details
Maximum Marks	120
MCQ’s	120
Marks per MCQ	1
Duration	2 Hours
Negative Marking	0.25 for the wrong answer in MCQ’s

The following parts will be used to ask the questions:

1. The Constitution

2. Jurisprudence, Administrative Law, Contract Law, Torts, Public International Law, Property Law, Family Law, Criminal Law, Company Law, Tax Law, Environmental Law, and Labor & Industrial Law are some of the other fields of law.

CLAT Syllabus 2023: Check Detailed Syllabus, Marking Scheme & Exam Pattern

CLAT 2023 Application Fees

During the CLAT 2023 registration procedure, applicants must pay the requisite exam cost. The table below contains the following information about the CLAT 2023 exam application fees:

Category	Application Fee
General/OBC/SAP and other category candidates	₹ 4000/-
SC/ST category candidates	₹ 3500/-

CLAT 2023 Eligibility Criteria

CLAT 2023 eligibility Requirements describe the rules and conditions that a candidate must meet in order to appear in CLAT 2023, based on the program (UG/PG) to which the candidate is applying for admission to Law School.

UG Program Eligibility Criteria

The candidate must have completed a 10+2 or equivalent examination from a recognized university or board.

CLAT 2023 requires a minimum of 45 percent in the qualifying degree to be eligible to take the exam.

SC and ST candidates simply need 40% to pass.

There is no higher age limit for this event.

Criteria for admission to the PG program

Education:

An LLB or similar test from a recognized university is required of the candidate.

Candidates from the General/ OBC/ PWD/ NRI/ PIO/ OCI categories must have a minimum of 55 percent or its equivalent in order to be considered. SC/ST applicants are eligible for a 5% minimum mark relaxation.

There is no higher age limit for this event.

Application for CLAT 2023

CLAT Entrance Test Online Applications for both UG and PG Courses are slated to open in January 2023. We’ll update this page as soon as the connection is officially operational.

Link to Apply for CLAT 2023 [https://consortiumofnlus.ac.in/]

Steps to fill CLAT 2023 Application Form

Step-I Register by providing information such as your name, email address, and phone number.

Step-II Then, on the application form, fill in all essential parts, including personal, academic, and contact information.

Step-III: In the specified format, upload scanned copies of signatures, photographs, and other documents. The image’s dimensions and format are listed below.

Step-IV Complete the rest of the application form, including personal and qualification information, as well as a preference for NLUs.

Step-V Last but not least, pay the application fee and submit the completed application form.

Document	Size and Format
Photograph	20 kb – 50 kb in JPEG only
Signature	10 kb – 20 kb in JPEG only

CLAT 2023 Exam Centers

Unless there is an unanticipated situation, the applicant is usually assigned to the CLAT test center that he or she selected while filling out the application form, in which case an alternate center is assigned. On their CLAT admission card, candidates will find all of the information about the test center they have been assigned, including the name and address. Along with the notification, the list of CLAT 2023 centers will be revealed. Exam centers for the CLAT Exam from prior years may be found here.

Agra	Gandhinagar	Kolkota	Shimla
Ahmedabad	Gangtok	Kota	Siliguri
Allahabad	Ghaziabad	Kurukshetra	Sonepat
Amritsar	Gorakhpur	Lucknow	Srinagar
Aurangabad	Greater Noida	Madurai	Thane
Barasat	Gurugram	Mohali	Thiruvananthapuram
Barrackpore	Guwahati	Mumbai	Trichy
Bengaluru	Haldwani	Muzaffarpur	Varanashi
Bhopal	Hisar	Mysore	Vijayawada
Bhubaneswar	Hyderabad	Nagpur	Vishakapatnam
Bilaspur	Imphal	Navi Mumbai	New Delhi
Calicut	Indore	Jabalpur	Noida
Chennai	Jaipur	Patiala	Chandigarh
Coimbatore	Jalandhar	Patna	Raipur
Dehradun	Jammu	Jamshedpur	Durg
Faridabad	Kanpur	Shillong	Ranchi
Ernakulum	Jodhpur

CLAT 2023 Admit Card

CLAT Admit Cards will be sent approximately two weeks prior to the exam date. The admission card will be distributed in April 2023, while the test is set for May 8th, 2023.

Availability of CLAT Admit Card	15 days before the Exam
Mode of Availability	Online
CLAT Official Website	consortiumofnlus.ac.in
Details on Admit Card	Test taker and examination details
Acceptable Photo ID Proof	PAN Card, Driving License, Aadhar Card Any Government Issued Identity Card
Helpline Number	1800 419 2929 | 09446899010

CLAT 2023 Result

Once the test is completed successfully, the authorities will declare the CLAT 2023 result. The CLAT result can only be accessed on the internet. The roll number, candidate information, and the candidate’s marks will be included in the outcome. To be eligible for the CLAT test, a candidate must get at least a certain amount of points.

CLAT 2023: Official notice

The CLAT 2023 counseling cost has been decreased from Rs 50,000 to Rs 30,000. Counseling costs for students in the reserved category will be Rs. 20,000.

“CLAT-2023 will be placed on May 8, 2023,” according to the official announcement on the website. CLAT-2023 will be held on December 18, 2023, according to the Consortium. As a result, in 2023, two CLAT exams will be held in the same year.” Keep an eye on the official website for further information about the CLAT 2023 Exam Date.

How to Apply for CLAT 2023

Below is the complete step by step process for filling CLAT 2023 online application form:

• Go to CLAT 2023’s website (https://consortiumofnlus.ac.in/).

• Now, go to the new candidate’s registration page and fill out the CLAT registration form with all of the essential information, such as basic personal information, email address, and phone number.

Now submit the information and fill out the CLAT application form with all of the relevant information.

• Now, complete the application form with all needed information, such as personal, academic, and address information, as well as the exam center.

Candidates must complete the CLAT Application Form with accurate and authentic information, as any changes to the information might result in the application being rejected.

• Information such as their name, date of birth, parents’ names, qualifications, and so on should be spelled exactly as they appear on their high school transcript.

• Candidates will now be required to provide all essential information, including their photo, signature, and category certificate.

• Candidates must submit a recent passport-size picture with a simple backdrop that is within the specified size and format.

• The signature must be scanned as a handwritten signature in the size and format specified.

• Only reserved category candidates will need a category certificate.

• Pay the application cost for the final submission of the application form after uploading all relevant papers.

• Choose the payment gateways and manner, then fill in all of the essential information.

• Finish the transaction and save a printout of the completed CLAT Application Form and Fee Receipt for future use.

• There is no requirement for candidates to transmit a hard copy of their CLAT application form to the authorities.

The Consortium of National Law

With Prof. R. Venkata Rao, former Vice-Chancellor of NLSIU, as President and Prof. Faizan Mustafa, Vice-Chancellor of NALSAR, as Vice-President, the Consortium of National Law Universities was established on August 19, 2017, with the goal of improving the standard of legal education in the country and the justice system through legal education.

The Consortium strives to improve collaboration among national law schools in order to attain the greatest legal education standards in the country. Twenty-one law schools from throughout the country have joined the Consortium as founding members.

Prof. (Dr.) Faizan Mustafa, Vice-Chancellor, NALSAR, is the Consortium’s current President, and Prof. (Dr.) Poonam Saxena, Vice-Chancellor, NLU, is the Consortium’s Vice-President.

History

In 1987, the first National Law University, called the National Law School of India University, was created in Bangalore, after the second wave of legal education reforms. The second National Law University, NALSAR (National Academy of Legal Studies and Research), opened in Hyderabad in 1998 after a 10-year wait. After then, many states founded NLUs. NLUs are academic islands established by state statutes, with the Chief Justice of India or the Chief Justice of the relevant High Court serving as Chancellor. (There are two exceptions: RMLNLU, Lucknow, and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar National Law University, Rai, Haryana, where the Chief Minister and Governor, respectively, are Chancellors.)

On the model of IIMs and IITs, NLUs were developed. In India, NLUs have revolutionized legal education. In fact, India is the only country in the world with universities dedicated only to the study of law. We now have 23 NLUs, 22 of which accept students through the Common Law Admission Test (CLAT) (National Law University, Delhi has its own separate test). There were only seven NLUs from 1987 and 2007, each with its own test.

A parent filed a PIL in the Supreme Court of India in 2006 for a Common Test (CWP 68 of 2006-Varun Bhagat v. Union of India-Varun Bhagat v. Union of India-Varun Bhagat v. Union of India-Varun Bhagat v. Union of India-Varun Bhagat v. Union of India-Varun Bhagat v. Union of India-Varun Bhagat

In 2008, seven NLUs signed a Memorandum of Understanding to hold CLAT in the presence of the Secretary of the Ministry of Human Resources and Development and a UGC official.

The first CLAT was held in 2008, and it was an offline, MCQ-based exam. This went on like this until 2014, with no big hiccups. In 2015, a fresh Memorandum of Understanding was negotiated to bring another seven NLUs into the CLAT fold, and CLAT became live.

The seeds of the CLAT Consortium were planted in 2015, and participating NLUs discussed forming the Consortium in the wider interest.

Shamnad Bashir filed a Public Interest Litigation (CWP 600 of 2015) in 2015, arguing that the CLAT should be overseen by a permanent secretariat with a permanent body.

Disha Panchal v Union of India filed another CWP 551 of 2018 in 2018. In this matter, the MHRD was given instructions to investigate the CLAT’s behavior in order to ensure that it was conducted in a reasonable and fair way.

A permanent CLAT Secretariat was created in Bangalore on October 17, 2018. In 2018, Consortium agreed to take the test offline once more. The test was formerly performed by the University on a rotating basis, but it has now been determined that it will be done by the Consortium’s Executive Committee.

The Consortium became a legal entity when it was incorporated in Bangalore on March 26, 2019, under the Karnataka Co-operative Society Act, in which 16 NLUs signed and became the Consortium’s founding members. The Consortium eventually drew in the remaining NLUs (with the exception of the National Law University of Delhi). National Law School of India University (NLSIU), Bangalore, National Academy of Legal Studies and Research (NALSAR), Hyderabad, and National Law Institute (NLIU), Bhopal are its three permanent members.

Every year, the Consortium’s General Council elects Presidents, Vice-Presidents, and Conveners to oversee the CLAT. The Consortium’s Ex-officio Secretary is the Vice-Chancellor of NLSIU, Bangalore. The fundamental purpose of the Consortium is not only to conduct admission exam CLAT for graduate and post-graduate programs of the participating Universities but also to promote excellent legal education in all the member institutions.

Objectives

The main aims and objectives for which the Society is established are as under

       i.            To provide the best possible levels of legal education in order to make Indian legal education equivalent to those of the world’s most prestigious legal schools.

     ii.            To study, initiate, and promote legal education reforms, as well as to spread learning and understanding of the law and legal processes, as well as their role in national development.

  iii.            To improve coordination between NLUs and other legal institutions in order to attain the greatest level of legal education in the country.

  iv.            To advise universities, educational institutions, and academics on teaching, as well as to promote creative curriculum, teaching techniques, and teaching materials in the fields of law and related subjects.

     v.            To administer, manage, and oversee the conduct of the CLAT, the all-India common entrance test for law, on behalf of all participating NLUs, and to assist student admission to various NLUs across the country.

  vi.            To allow any other institution, in conformity with the Society’s Bye-Laws, to use CLAT scores for admission, appointments, or any other reason.

vii.            To take into account and expedite the process of hiring law professors, as well as to enhance abilities in research, publication, and pedagogy among law professors at all NLUs and other law schools.

viii.            To develop and spread information, raise awareness, and offer a common platform for academics, judges, attorneys, professionals, universities, educational institutions, and government organizations to engage.

  ix.            To encourage and enable professor and student exchange not just among NLUs, but also between NLUs and overseas law schools and universities.

     x.            Through resource sharing, enhance educational research and encourage information interchange across institutions.

  xi.            To make the advantages of one or more NLUs’ legal education available to the rest of the NLUs.

xii.            To give appropriate support, including financial help, to NLUs that join the Society in an effort to simplify legal education and establish the highest national standards in education.

xiii.            To conduct and promote legal research, and to attract students of the highest caliber to member NLUs across the country, regardless of race, creed, caste, sex, or religion, and to provide opportunities for their participation in legal research activities and projects, as well as to host seminars, lectures, and conferences to disseminate the results of such research.

xiv.            To make clinical legal education more accessible and valuable.

xv.            To introduce new courses in a variety of current fields of law, such as the Law of the Sea, Maritime Laws, Marine Insurance, Air and Space Law, Atomic Energy Laws, Security Laws, Laws on Terrorism, International Business Laws, Investment Laws, Displacement and the Laws, WTO and GATS, Laws on Minerals and Mines, International Economic Laws, Competition Laws, Comparative Federalism, Comparative Constitutional Laws, Diversity Law,

xvi.            In both regular and seminar courses, to foster an inter-disciplinary and multi-disciplinary approach.

xvii.            To aid research in the fields of national, international, and comparative law.

xviii.            To build, develop, and promote national and international ties with comparable bodies, organizations, and members of the legal profession, as well as to offer a focal point in India for legal academics.

xix.            To develop consistent regulations in terms of admissions, courses, semester systems, uniform grading systems, and other areas in accordance with international standards.

xx.            To encourage international partnerships among important institutions for academic research and associated goals.

xxi.            Attract an increasing number of international students, therefore contributing to the globalization of not only legal education but also the development of friendly relationships with individuals from other cultures throughout the world.

xxii.            Work to increase the variety of NLUs among students, teachers, and non-teaching personnel.

xxiii.            To take all relevant acts in pursuit of such aims, as well as to use all authorities compatible with such goals.

The other objectives which are incidental or ancillary to the main aims and objectives of the Society are as under

       i.            To receive grants, contributions, and support from governmental bodies, businesses, companies, individuals, or trusts in order to achieve the Society’s goals.

     ii.            To organize and participate in seminars, conferences, and fairs related to the Society’s objectives, as well as to compile, collate, edit, and publish reports, presentations, papers, books, journals, magazines, periodicals, thesis, research, writings, articles, and documents, and to compile, collate, edit, and publish reports, presentations, papers, books, journals, magazines, periodicals, thesis, research, writings, articles, and documents.

  iii.            To make any agreement with any government agency or authority, whether federal, state, local, municipal, or international, or with any other person, that appears to be in the Society’s best interests.

  iv.            To buy, lease, hire, or otherwise acquire any movable or immovable property, including but not limited to land, buildings, workshops, machinery, appliances, trademarks, licenses, permits, intellectual property rights, and any other rights or privileges, necessary or convenient for the Society’s objectives.

     v.            To borrow or raise cash, with or without security, as the Society may demand in order to achieve its goals.

  vi.            To collect fees, such as membership dues, service fees, consultant fees, compensations, or other amounts as may be necessary for the normal operation of the Society and in the advancement of the Society’s purposes.

vii.            To pay all expenditures incurred in the creation and registration of the Society, whether preliminary or incidental.

viii.            In connection with the Society’s operations, to draw, create, accept, endorse, discount, execute, and issue checks, promissory notes, hundies, and other negotiable instruments of all types.

  ix.            To establish academic, technical, administrative, ministerial, and other positions, as well as to appoint people to them.

     x.            To establish scholarships, awards, and medals, as well as to give them.

  xi.            To take any other legitimate measures and initiatives that are essential, incidental, or conducive to the Society’s objectives being achieved or expanded.

CLAT 2021

Under Graduate

UG Eligibility

1.     In CLAT 2021, there was no higher age limit for the UG program.

2.     Candidates must have obtained the following minimum percentage of marks in the qualifying examination (i.e., 10+2 or an equivalent examination): i. 45 percent marks or equivalent grade in the case of candidates belonging to the General / OBC / PWD / NRI / PIO / OCI categories; ii. 40 percent marks or equivalent in the case of candidates belonging to the SC/ST categories.

3.     Candidates who took the qualifying test in March/April of 2021 were also qualified to take the CLAT 2021 exam. They must, however, provide proof of passing the qualifying examination at the time of admission, or they will forfeit their right to be considered for admission.

4.     The candidate’s qualifying examination (i.e., 10+2) result, which must be presented at the time of admission otherwise the candidate would be disqualified for admission to the Course.

5.     In the event of a tie, the following process and sequence will be used to break the tie:

                               i.            higher marks in the CLAT 2021 test component/section on legal ability;

                             ii.             higher age;

                          iii.             computerized draw of lots.

UG Syllabus & Guide

Introduction and Overview

The goal of the UG-CLAT 2021 was to assess applicants’ comprehension and reasoning ability. Overall, it is intended to be a test of aptitude and abilities required for legal education rather than past knowledge, however, prior knowledge may be relevant in answering questions in the Current Affairs portion on occasion.

The UG-CLAT 2021 test lasted two hours and consisted of 150 multiple-choice questions worth one mark each. Every incorrect answer will result in a 0.25 point deduction. The following five subjects would be separated into these questions:

• Legal Reasoning

• Logical Reasoning

 • Quantitative Techniques

• English Language

• Current Affairs, including General Knowledge

English Language

You have given passages of roughly 450 words each in this portion of the UG-CLAT 2021. 

These passages are drawn from recent or historically relevant fiction and nonfiction work, and of a level that a 12th-grade student might read in around 5-7 minutes.

Each passage is followed by a series of questions that will test your comprehension and language skills, including your ability to: 

• Read and comprehend the passage’s main point, as well as any arguments or viewpoints discussed or set out in the passage; 

• Draw inferences and conclusions based on the passage; 

• Summarize the passage; and 

• Compare and contrast the various arguments or viewpoints set out in the passage.

Current Affairs Including General Knowledge

You will be given sections of up to 450 words apiece in this part. 

The sections will be taken from news articles, journalistic sources, and other nonfiction work. 

The questions might involve a review of legal facts or expertise addressed in or connected to the passage, but they wouldn’t require anymore legal understanding.

Each paragraph will be followed by a series of questions that will test your understanding of current events and general knowledge, including: 

• Current events of importance from India and throughout the world; 

• Arts and culture; 

• International politics; and 

• Historical events of continuing significance.

Legal Reasoning

You will be required to read passages of around 450 words apiece in this part. 

The paragraphs might be about real-life circumstances or scenarios including legal issues, public policy issues, or philosophical moral dilemmas. 

You will not need any prior legal expertise. 

You’ll be better able to apply basic principles or propositions to the supplied fact situations if you have a broad understanding of current legal and moral challenges.

Each passage will be followed by a series of questions that will require you to:

 • identify and infer the rules and principles presented in the passage; 

• apply such rules and principles to various fact situations; and 

• comprehend how changes to the rules or principles may affect their application to various fact situations.

Logical Reasoning

The UG-CLAT 2021’s Logical Reasoning portion consisted of a series of short paragraphs of roughly 300 words each. 

Each passage will be followed by one or more questions that will require you to: 

• Recognize an argument, its premises, and conclusions; 

• Read and identify the arguments presented in the passage;

 • Critically analyze patterns of reasoning, and assess how conclusions may be based on specific premises or evidence;

 • Infer what follows from the passage and apply these inferences to new situations; • Draw relationships and analogies, and identify contradictions and equivalence.

Quantitative Techniques

Short collections of facts or propositions, graphs, or other textual, visual, or diagrammatic representations of numerical information were included in the Quantitative Techniques part of the UG-CLAT 2021, followed by a series of questions. 

You’ll have to extract information from texts, graphs, and other visual representations and apply mathematical procedures to it.

The questions asked you to:

 • Derive, infer, and manipulate numerical information presented in such passages, graphs, or other representations; and 

• Apply various 10th standard mathematical operations to such data, including ratios and proportions, basic algebra, mensuration, and statistical estimation.

Preparing for the UG-CLAT 2021

The Consortium intends to release a variety of UG-CLAT 2021 preparation materials, including: 

• Question paper guides and sample questions; 

• Model question papers; and 

• Instructional materials and activities for each of the UG-CLAT 2021 courses.

Candidates who have successfully completed their application to the UG-CLAT 2021 will be given access to a learning site where they will be able to access the above-mentioned prepared resources, as well as their results on various exercises and practice questions papers.

In addition, you should improve your ability to read and comprehend large amounts of text, stay current on news and current events by reading quality newspapers and periodicals on a regular basis, and improve your speed of answering quantitative technique questions by practicing with materials such as 10th-grade mathematics textbooks.

UG Question Paper Format

a.      Maximum Marks

150

b.     Duration of CLAT 2021 Exam

02:00 Hours

c.      Multiple-Choice Questions

150 questions of one mark each

d.     Negative Marking

0.25 Mark for each wrong answer

Subject Areas with weightage:	(approximate number of questions)
English Language	28-32 questions, or roughly 20% of the paper
Current Affairs, including General Knowledge	35-39 questions, or roughly 25% of the paper
Legal Reasoning	35-39 questions, or roughly 25% of the paper
Logical Reasoning	28-32 questions, or roughly 20% of the paper
Quantitative Techniques	13-17 questions, or roughly 10% of the paper

Instructions for UG Programme

General Instructions

·   The CLAT 2021 test was conducted in an OFFLINE format.

 • Applications must be submitted ONLY ONLINE through the consortiumofnlus.ac.in website.

·     The test was planned for July 23, 2021, from 2 to 4 p.m.
·    Indian nationals, NRIs, PIOs, and OCIs seeking admission to one of the UG programs must take CLAT 2021.
·    Foreign nationals are not required to take the exam. • For further information on the 22 NLUs, candidates can consult the particular Institutions’ e-brochures, which are available on the Consortium website.

·    For further information on NRI/NRI Sponsored/Foreign National seats, applicants can consult the e-brochures as well as the websites of the relevant NLUs. 

·  For those NLUs where such a category is admitted through CLAT 2021 rankings rather than directly by the respective universities, all NRI Category applicants must take the CLAT 2021 test. 

·     Please note that in addition to taking the CLAT exam, you will need to apply directly to the relevant NLU for admission in these areas. 

·    For further information, please visit the NLU website.

·  The Information Brochure, which can be accessed from the official CLAT website as well as the websites of the participating National Law Universities, contains information about the intake, reservation policies, and courses offered, as well as the fee structures of the various participating National Law Universities. 

·   Before filling out the application form for UG courses, as well as for NRI and Foreign National seats, applicants should carefully review the regulations, norms, and fee structure of the participating NLUs.

· The information supplied in the e-Brochure covering admissions, reservation policies, fees, courses offered, and subjects taught at various levels, including areas of specialty, is rather minimal. 

·     Candidates can get more thorough information on the subject on the websites of the participating NLUs.

·    Candidates are urged to check the CLAT 2021 website for changes on a regular basis. 

·   The offer of admission and assignment of seats under CLAT 2021 are preliminary and do not confer any right of admission on an applicant.

Other instructions

·     CLAT 2021 online registration opened on January 1, 2021, and closed on June 15, 2021.

·          On or before June 15, 2021, the application form, complete in all respects and after payment of fees, must be ultimately submitted and paid (11:59 P.M.). 

·         Application forms that are incomplete will not be evaluated. 

·    To minimize last-minute problems, candidates must complete and submit the application form well in advance. ·         The CLAT Office or the organizing university will not be held liable for any incorrect or incomplete information provided to the applicant, or for any difficulty experienced by the candidate as a result of this.

·    Candidates must first register on the CLAT 2021 website using their personal cellphone number and e-mail address. 

·   An OTP will be given to the registered cellphone number for validation after registration. ·         Candidates can log in using the registered mobile number and the password supplied at the time of registration once the mobile number has been authenticated.

·     Please complete the form completely. 

·    The candidate’s and parents’ names must be spelled exactly as they appear on their certificates/mark sheets/identity proof in the application. 

·    Any change or alteration discovered may result in the candidate’s disqualification.

·   Please note that the candidate cannot modify the program, category, or BPL field once the application has been filed and paid.

·   After the deadline, no changes to the application form will be accepted.

·   Candidates must carefully follow the instructions and provide accurate and authentic information. 

·If any information provided by the candidate at any stage of the application, examination, or admission process is found to be false or incorrect, or if there is any discrepancy or mismatch between the information provided by the candidate at the relevant section and the certificates/documents produced at the time of admission, the candidate’s provisional admission will be canceled with immediate effect without assigning any further reason, and the candidate will be required to reapply.

·   After the results are announced, the applicant must fill out his or her preferred order for all 22 NLUs.

· Candidates are asked to select the right program (UG/PG) and category. 

·  Changes to the program or category requested in the application form will not be considered.

·  In the event of unforeseen events leading to the cancellation of a Test city or center, or an insufficient or excessive number of candidates opting to appear from a particular Test Centre, the Convenor, CLAT 2021 reserves the right to cancel that city/center and redirect the applicant to another city/center.
• The CLAT 2021 application fee is non-refundable and non-adjustable. • In order to claim the benefit of reservation, the candidate must produce the relevant certificates as prescribed by the Government of India/State Government and as required by the respective NLU at the time of admission, as notified by them.

·  Before the final allotment, participating National Law Universities reserve the right to adjust the total number of seats and the breakdown of seats according to their policies. 

· The reserve policy may vary from time to time as determined by the concerned government.

·  If an applicant has submitted several online application forms, only the most recent online application form will be considered. 

· The application cost for past application forms will not be repaid in such instances.

Documents to be uploaded with the Online Application.

1. A recent passport-size image of yourself in front of a simple background.

2. The candidate’s signature

3. If you’re applying under the SC/ST/OBC categories, you’ll need a category certificate.

4. If the candidate is P.W.D., a relevant certificate issued by a competent body is required.

5. If you are in the BPL category, you must have a relevant certificate issued by a competent body.

NOTE: 

• At the time of admission, the original certificates/documents issued by the relevant authorities as indicated in the brochure must be provided to the allocated University in the form and manner stipulated by the respective institutions.

• All documents/certificates should be supplied in pdf format only, and the candidate’s photograph and signature do not need to be authenticated when completing the Online Application Form.

Application Fee

• You can only pay your application costs online.

• For general/OBC/PWD/NRI/PIO/OCI applicants, the application fee is Rs.4,000/-

• For SC/ST/BPL applicants, the application fee is Rs.3,500.

• Previous year’s question papers cost Rs.500 (not included in the CLAT 2021 application price of Rs.4,000 or Rs.3,500, depending on the circumstance).

• Candidates will be responsible for any bank transaction fees associated with remitting the money online. 

After applicants select a payment method, the real bank transaction fees will be disclosed on the payment gateway page.

• There are no refunds on application fees.

Admit Card/Hall ticket

• The applicant can download his or her Admit Card/Hall Ticket by signing into his or her account. 

On the website, the precise day when the hall tickets will be available will be announced.

How to approach questions in the English Language section of the UG CLAT 2021

·   Passages may come from a variety of themes, including technical and scientific subjects, but you will not need any prior knowledge of any specialized fields to interpret or analyze the passages.

·  Usually, a section will include one point, as well as arguments or statements that support or refute the notion offered in the main point – attempt to figure out what the primary point is, and what arguments or statements are presented in support of or against it.

·  Once you’ve figured out the passage’s main point, focus on the following questions: Who, What, Why, When, and Where. You don’t have to memorize these questions, but keeping them in mind while reading the passage will ensure you have a good grasp of the passage’s details without having to memorize them.

· Pay attention to paragraph structure; often, a change in paragraph structure is followed by a change in the speaker or in the point of view is given. 

·  When a question asks you to uncover differences in opinion or counter-arguments, this will make it easier for you. 

·  Likewise, words and phrases such as ‘however,’ ‘on the other hand,’ ‘conversely,’ and so on.

·There are two sorts of vocabulary questions. 

 one type will simply ask you for the meaning of a word or phrase; another type will ask you for the meaning of a word or phrase “in the context of the passage” – in either case, reading one or two lines before and after the line in which the word or phrase being asked about appears will help you better understand the context in which the word is used. 

·  Even if you didn’t know the meaning of the word or phrase beforehand, you can often figure out what it means by analyzing the context in which it is used and eliminating choices that don’t make sense in that context.

• After you’ve read the passage in this way, go ahead and answer the questions. You don’t have to remember every detail of the passage before answering the questions, but if you have a good idea of the passage’s main point and overall structure, you should be able to find the specific details the question asks for fairly quickly and easily.
• Pay close attention to the wording of each question – while the questions follow a few ‘types’ (which we have already described in the consolidated video), the question-setters will occasionally make minor changes to the way they are worded to ensure that you are reading them carefully and can determine the impact of such changes (for example, the difference in a question that asks ‘Which of the following is the author likely to agree with’ would imply that the author is likely to agree with’
• Read all of the options in a question before selecting the correct answer – even if you think you’ve found the correct answer in the first or second option you read – there may be subtle differences in wording in the options, and what appears to be the correct answer at first glance may not be as good as a later option.

Preparation Strategies

·          Read some of the same sources that the question setters use to develop questions – you don’t have to read the full book if the source is a book, but keeping track of sources like newspapers and magazines would be extremely beneficial. 

·  Read the opinion and editorial sections of newspapers in particular, as many paragraphs are borrowed from them. 

     (This has the extra benefit of assisting your prepare for the Current Affairs and General Knowledge sections of the exam.)

·  Having a study group or someone – even one or two individuals – to debate certain sections with would be really beneficial. 

·When you and your study partner have finished reading the same passage, try to come up with some questions to ask each other, such as what is the author’s main point in the passage, what can be inferred from the passage, and what arguments would weaken or strengthen the author’s arguments in the passage.

·  Use any decent 10th-grade grammar textbook to practice grammar. 

· Some classics, such as Wren and Martin’s English Grammar and Composition, are still excellent preparatory tools.

·  It may not be able to significantly increase your vocabulary in the days leading up to the exam, but make sure you stop every time you come across a term you don’t understand – whether in the newspaper, a textbook or even while watching a show on the internet – and look it up in a dictionary. 

·  On the Internet, you can find several decent, free dictionaries; you can even download free dictionary applications to keep a dictionary on your phone at all times.

·  Make sure you read over all of the CLAT consortium’s practice materials and example papers – they are the most similar in style and difficulty to the ultimate UG CLAT 2021 paper; make sure you go over all of the rationales supplied, so you understand why a specific option is right or wrong.

How to approach questions in the Current Affairs including the General Knowledge section of the UG CLAT 2021

·   Questions designed to assess the depth of understanding of important problems and events, rather than superficial knowledge based on facts or trivia. 

· While the emphasis is on recent and current events, questions may test your knowledge of historical material connected to such events and their relevance in order to assess your grasp of the reasons for such current occurrences.

·Questions may also be related to events stated in the chapter; for example, if you read a section about a natural tragedy, you may be asked questions not just about that natural calamity, but also about comparable events in other regions of the world.

·  Read the full passage before attempting the questions – while the answers to certain questions may seem obvious, reading the complete passage first may allow you to pick up vital hints regarding the solutions to other questions.

• Don’t worry about remembering all of the details of the passage when you get to the questions – the goal isn’t to see how well you can memorize the passage and then answer questions that test your recollection – but make sure you have a good idea of the passage’s overall theme or point of focus, as this may help you recall any related information you’ve read or come across in your preparations.

·  In keeping with the UG CLAT 2021’s overarching topic, the emphasis is on comprehension and your ability to comprehend and interpret the material presented in the text. 

· While you may not be asked vocabulary questions in this section of the paper, you may be asked to explain the meaning of certain statements made in the passage if they relate to information associated with such statements – for example, a passage about cyclones might ask you to explain the difference between a cyclone, typhoon, and hurricane.

·  As with the other parts of the UG CLAT 2021, pay great attention to the language of the questions; the question setters may be assessing your ability to read and follow material closely, and hence may phrase questions negatively (e.g., Which of the following is not an example of x?) 

·  Alternatively, you might use a double negative (e.g., Instead of asking which of the following is an efficient way to do x, the question may be framed as Which of the following is not an inefficient way to do x.)

Preparation Strategies/ FAQ

·  The best way to prepare for this section of the UG CLAT 2021 is to develop a long-term habit of reading a good selection of newspapers and periodicals; in particular, reading the editorial and opinion sections of newspapers and periodicals would be beneficial, as these frequently provide historical, associated, and ancillary information related to the main subject discussed in the piece. 

· Try to go through comparable sources on a regular basis now that you know what sources the question setters commonly refer to from the introduction video.

· It’s not the end of the world if you haven’t acquired a long-term habit of reading newspapers and publications. 

· You may visit their websites and browse their collection of editorial and opinion articles now that many reliable sources of news and information are now available online. 

·  You can try to make up for some lost time this way.

·  You may not be able to read all of the content in this area of the UG CLAT 2021 in the time allotted to you. 

·  Forming a small group of individuals with whom you can discuss the themes and areas addressed in this section is a useful strategy to try to address this. 

· That way, you may not only take advantage of the fact that other people may have covered things you haven’t been able to, but you’ll also be able to go further into each issue by interrogating each other about it, ensuring you know more about it than you could have known otherwise.

· Using fact compendiums to help you prepare for this part is neither encouraged nor discouraged. 

· Please feel free to use them if you find them beneficial – but be careful not to fall into the trap of memorizing extensive lists of data without comprehending their larger context and how they relate to other knowledge.

How to approach questions in the Legal Reasoning section of the UG CLAT 2021

·  One of the most significant distinctions between the UG CLAT 2021 Legal Reasoning part and prior years is that you will not be given the principle and facts separately; as a result, the first thing you should do is read the paragraph attentively and identify the principles laid forth there. 

· After that, carefully examine each question to discover if it refers to the same facts as those presented in the passage, a different set of facts, or the facts presented in the passage with some changes.

· Now that you’ve established both the principle and the facts, consider breaking the concept down into smaller components – for example, “A person who operates a drone at a height of more than 500 feet in a public location is guilty of disturbance.” 

· In this case, you should be able to identify the three requirements outlined in the nuisance principle: first, the person in question must have been operating the drone, second, the person must have operated the drone at a height greater than 500 feet, and third, the incident must have occurred in a public place. 

·You can only presume a person is guilty of annoyance if all three components of this concept are met by the circumstances.

·  Pay great attention to what we call ‘OR’ and ‘AND’ conditions when breaking down a principle into its pieces – the example we saw above contained ‘AND’ conditions, which means that all three parts have to be met for a person to be found guilty of annoyance. 

· If the principle were phrased as follows: “A person who operates a drone at a height more than 500 feet or in a public location is guilty of annoyance,” there would be one ‘AND’ requirement and one ‘OR’ condition. 

· In this case, the following elements must be met for a person to be found guilty of nuisance: they must have been operating the drone, AND they must have been doing so at a height of more than 500 feet OR in a public space. 

·These minor adjustments might result in a significant shift in the results – in

· As you can see from the examples above, little modifications to a principle’s phrasing can have a significant impact on the outcome of a question. 

· Similarly, little changes to the facts might have a significant influence on the answer to a question. 

· Assume you’re working on a problem that involves one of the concepts listed above, and the facts are as follows: “Rahul takes his drone to a public market, where he meets his buddy, Sheela.” 

·  Sheela approaches Rahul and asks if she may fly the drone for a few minutes, to which he agrees. 

· Sheela then takes the drone and flies it 600 feet above the market to obtain a panoramic view. 

· Is Rahul responsible for the annoyance?” 

·While your immediate inclination may be to answer ‘Yes!’ in this scenario, take a breather – the question is if Rahul is a bother.

· A passage may contain multiple principles and incidents – in some cases, the questions may ask you to apply the same principle to different fact situations, whereas in others, each question may pertain to a different principle and fact situation – so pay close attention to each question, determine which principle and facts have been called into question, and only then attempt the answer.

· Finally, remember that the question writers do not expect you to be a lawyer before you start law school! 

· As a result, it is critical that you do not try to apply any prior understanding of laws to the questions in this part; the question setters frequently modify a concept of law here and there, resulting in a drastically different answer.

Preparation Strategies/ FAQ

·  The UG CLAT 2021’s Legal Reasoning, Logical Reasoning, and English Language portions are all connected in that they all need you to read and grasp a chapter thoroughly. 

·  As a result, some of the preparation approaches that apply to the UG CLAT 2021’s English Language and Logical Reasoning portions may also apply to this part. 

·  See if you can arrange your study time so that you can concentrate on these three subjects as a group.

· Because this portion of the UG CLAT 2021 is different from past years’ exams, you could believe that practicing Legal Reasoning problems from prior years’ papers won’t assist, but this is a mistake. 

· While previous years’ questions may not have required you to extract a principle from a passage and instead may have provided the principle to you directly, you should still attempt those questions because they will help you develop the skill of analyzing a principle, closely examining a fact situation, and applying one to the other.

·The CLAT Consortium’s sample questions and Model Papers are, of course, one of the greatest sources of preparation. 

·If you know the pattern of these questions from the sample questions or the First Model Paper, try this part (or the complete paper) in a test-like atmosphere – pace yourself and don’t use any outside aid. 

·  Then look at the data and attempt to figure out what’s working and what isn’t – can you extract the concept but not break it down? 

· Or are you able to cope with the idea without difficulty, but struggle to comprehend the facts? 

· If it’s the first, some more study on Logical Reasoning could assist; if it’s the second, you might want to devote a bit more time to it.

How to approach questions in the Logical Reasoning section of the UG CLAT 2021

· As you might expect, debates are an important element of law school. 

· Arguments typically consist of a series of facts or pieces of evidence (referred to as ‘premises’) that support a ‘conclusion.’ 

·  These premises and conclusions combine to generate arguments, which are at the center of the UG CLAT 2021’s Logical Reasoning portion.

· Given this, the first step in answering a question from this area of the UG CLAT 2021 is to carefully identify the passage’s numerous premises and conclusions. 

·   You will be better prepared to answer the questions once you have completed this task.

· Now that you’ve recognized the text’s premises and conclusions, attempt to figure out if the passage has an overarching theme, purpose, or conclusion. 

· This is crucial not just because many questions will require you to identify them, but also because it will help you grasp the passage’s general tone, topic, and sections. 

· You should be able to quickly answer questions that require you to identify the passage’s major subject or conclusion, as well as those that ask you to identify arguments in support of or against the author’s arguments, with this knowledge in hand.

· Some paragraphs may contain many points of view or arguments, some of which may be weak or contradictory to one another. 

· It’s critical to recognize and separate these so you can figure out not just what the major conclusion is, but also whether the section has one at all, or if it only offers diverse points of view.

·It’s critical, as usual, to read each question carefully before attempting to figure out the proper answer. 

· A question may ask which option weakens the argument in the passage, in which case it is safe to assume that only one option weakens the argument in the passage; or it may ask which option weakens the argument in the passage the most, in which case more than one option may weaken the argument in the passage, and it is your responsibility to determine which option weakens the argument in the passage.

· Some questions may require you to presume the truth of certain statements, even though you know they are wrong or contradict the facts in the reading. 

·In these cases, it’s critical that you precisely follow the directions in the question – remember, the question setters are looking for your ability to read and grasp the material and instructions in this area, not your prior knowledge. 

· The question setters also want to see how fast you can adjust to changes in facts, premises, and conclusions, therefore it’s crucial that you approach each question without any baggage from the prior ones.

· When a question asks you to identify what a statement from a passage suggests, you must look at the statement and see what it says directly, as well as try to figure out what it may indicate without saying so explicitly. 

· To do so, you’ll need to use all of the abilities listed in this section – not only will you need to understand the statement and its components, but you’ll also need to extend the argument to the numerous alternatives listed in the options. 

· In this scenario, finding the section’s general theme or conclusion, as we discussed earlier, is quite beneficial – the overall theme or principle frequently gives a clear summary of the reasons in the text, which may help you extend the statement to the many alternatives presented in the options.

Preparation Strategies/ FAQ

·While the Logical Reasoning component of the UG CLAT 2021 differs significantly from prior years’ examinations, some questions from earlier forms, such as logic games or syllogisms, may still be included. 

· As a result, it’s a good idea to practice with past years’ examinations so you can get some ‘easy’ scores on such problems.

· This portion of the UG CLAT 2021 is closely connected to the English Language and Legal Reasoning sections, as we saw in the video on Legal Reasoning. 

· Given this, it’s a good idea to change your preparation method so that you focus on all three areas at the same time. 

·         The question setters frequently employ the same or comparable sources for questions in this area as they do for the English Language and Legal Reasoning portions, such as opinion and editorial pieces from newspapers. 

·  As a result, whenever you read a newspaper item in preparation for the English Language, Legal Reasoning, or even Current Affairs and General Knowledge, attempt to follow the stages outlined in this video – what is the passage’s major point? 

· What is the author’s position on a certain topic? 

· What arguments does the author provide in favor of his or her position?

· The CLAT Consortium’s sample questions and Model Papers are, of course, the finest source for practice, but there are a variety of other places where you can come across comparable questions. 

· In particular, see if you want to practice with the free question sets available on the LSAT or LNAT websites; while these may not exactly match the pattern of the UG CLAT 2021, they will help you develop the same comprehension, analysis, deduction, and application skills that the UG CLAT 2021’s Logical Reasoning section seeks to assess.

How to approach questions in the Quantitative Techniques section of the UG CLAT 2021

· Because the Quantitative Techniques section of the UG CLAT 2021 differs from previous years’ papers in that it requires you to read a passage or analyze a set of graphical data before attempting a question, it is critical that you go over the passage or graphical data and list out (or underline) the information that is provided to you, as well as the information that you may need to answer the questions. 

· For example, a section may include the various train speeds as well as the distance between two stations; in this instance, you’ll need to figure out how long such trains will take to go such distances.

·Once again, because the Quantitative Techniques section of the UG CLAT 2021 follows the general trend of changes in the CLAT toward a more comprehension based format, it is critical that you read the passages and questions carefully to ensure that you understand the information provided and what the question is asking of you. 

· Keep in mind that the question setters are moving away from formulae-based questions and toward more logic-based questions, which means they are looking for your ability to analyze textual and graphical material in addition to your ability to execute simple mathematical calculations.

· Why A later question in any combination of questions in the UG CLAT 2021’s Quantitative Techniques section will almost always demand you to utilize the information that you computed or obtained when answering a prior question. 

· Given this, it’s critical that you keep your scribbled notes and computations organized and accessible so that you can immediately refer to them when needed. 

· Because the UG CLAT 2021 is a test of your ability to answer questions quickly, it would be a waste of time if you had to rummage through your scribbled notes and computations to locate some crucial piece of information.

· In some cases, keeping a set of rough notes where you list out the main people, objects, or artifacts that the question relates to (such as trains, boats, vessels, etc.) and keep listing out relevant information relating to each of them as you go along can be very helpful – for example, in a question about time, speed, and distance, having information like the length of a train, its speed, and what time it leaves a station readily available can be very useful. 

· Not only will this save you time, but it will also help you avoid making mistakes while searching through your notes for information that you gathered some time ago.

Preparation Strategies/ FAQ

·  Practice is essential in preparing for Quantitative Techniques, as it is in all other areas of the UG CLAT 2021, and happily, you should have plenty of practice materials at your disposal. 

· Going back to your tenth-grade mathematics textbooks and doing the problems and activities in them as often as possible is the best method to prepare for this portion of the UG CLAT 2021. 

· Is there another excellent place to get practice materials? 

·Previous years’ question papers will nevertheless help you acquire the ability to execute common mathematical calculations quickly and accurately, even if they do not have the extra feature of asking you to analyze a text or graphical material and derive useable information from it.

· When preparing for Quantitative Techniques, don’t worry too much about how much time you’ll need to answer questions; what matters most at this point is that you answer questions correctly. 

· You might start focusing on speed as you practice and build a habit of being able to generate precise replies. 

· Because you’ve previously worked out how to answer questions correctly, it should be somewhat easy for you to answer questions more rapidly at this point!

· Whenever you attempt a set of practice questions or a sample exam, don’t simply look at the answers to see whether you were correct or incorrect; always go through the solution to see if the method you solve the question might be better. 

· While you may have discovered the correct solution to a question, it’s likely that someone else has discovered a faster or simpler way to do it, and it would be beneficial for you to learn about that technique as well.

Post Graduate

PG Eligibility

1. A minimum of Fifty percent (50%) of marks or equivalent grade in an LL.B degree or comparable examination for applicants from the General/OBC/PWD/NRI/PIO/OCI categories, and Forty-five percent (45%) of marks or equivalent grade in the case of candidates from the SC/ST categories.

2. Candidates who are scheduled to take the qualifying test in April/May 2021 are also eligible to apply.

3. There is no maximum age limit for taking CLAT 2021.

4. Tie Breaker Rule: In the event of a tie, the following method and sequence will be used to break the tie:

i.                   Older age; 

ii.                Computerized lotteries.

PG Syllabus & Guide

Introduction and Overview

The PG-CLAT 2021 placed a strong focus on the student’s comprehension ability. 

It will last 120 minutes and consist of one section:

The first portion consisted of 120 objective-type questions worth one point each. 

Every incorrect answer will result in a 0.25 point deduction.

Constitutional Law, Jurisprudence, Administrative Law, Contract Law, Torts, Family Law, Criminal Law, Property Law, Company Law, Public International Law, Tax Law, Environmental Law, and Labour & Industrial Law are among the themes covered in the paper.

Objective Section

You will find excerpts from major legal sources such as important court judgments in many sectors of law, legislation, and regulations in this section of the PG-CLAT 2021. Each paragraph will be followed by a set of questions in which you must show the following:

• Ability to read and comprehend the issues discussed in the passage, as well as any arguments and viewpoints discussed or set forth in the passage; • Knowledge of the issues discussed in the passage, as well as legal issues and facts related to and arising out of the passage and the judgment or statute from which it is extracted; • Ability to summarise the passage; and • Ability to apply your knowledge of the fields of law discussed in the passage.

Preparing for the PG-CLAT 2021

• Read and refresh your understanding of major judgments, and try to detect various topics mentioned in such judgments as part of your preparations for the PG-CLAT 2021.

• Refresh your knowledge of important constitutional and legislative provisions, especially those that may have been discussed in recent judgments; it would also be beneficial to ensure that you are aware of historical case law and amendments related to such provisions so that you have a more complete understanding of such provisions and the issues that they raise.

PG Question Paper Format

a.      Maximum Marks

120

b.     Duration of exam

02:00 Hours

c.      Multiple-Choice Questions

120 questions of one mark each

d.     Syllabus:

1.     Constitutional Law

2.     Other areas of law such as Jurisprudence, Administrative Law, Criminal Law, Law of Contract, Torts, Public International Law, Family Law, Property Law, Company Law, Tax Law, Environmental Law, and Labor & Industrial Law

e.      Negative Marking

0.25 Mark will be deducted for each wrong answer

Instructions for PG Programme

General Instructions

• The CLAT 2021 test will be conducted in an OFFLINE manner. • Applications must be submitted ONLY ONLINE through the consortiumofnlus.ac.in website.
• The test will take place on July 23, 2021, from 2 to 4 p.m. (This is subject to change if necessary.)
• Indian nationals, NRIs, PIOs, and OCIs seeking admission to one of the PG programs must take CLAT 2021.
• Foreign nationals are not required to take the exam. • For further information on the 18 NLUs, candidates can consult the particular Institutions’ e-brochures, which are available on the Consortium website.
• For further information on NRI/NRI Sponsored/Foreign National seats, applicants can consult the e-brochures as well as the websites of the relevant NLUs. For those NLUs where such a category is admitted through CLAT 2021 rankings rather than directly by the respective universities, all NRI Category applicants must take the CLAT 2021 test. Please note that in addition to taking the CLAT exam, you will need to apply directly to the relevant NLU for admission in these areas. For further information, please visit the NLU website.
• The Information Brochure, which can be accessed from the official CLAT website as well as the websites of the participating National Law Universities, contains information about the intake, reservation policies, and courses offered, as well as the fee structures of the various participating National Law Universities. Before filling out the application form for PG courses, as well as for NRI and Foreign National seats, applicants should read the regulations, policies, and fee structure of the participating NLUs carefully.

·         The information supplied in the e-Brochure covering admissions, reservation policies, fees, courses offered, and subjects taught at various levels, including areas of specialty, is rather minimal. 

·         Candidates can get more thorough information on the subject on the websites of the participating NLUs.

·         Candidates are urged to check the CLAT 2021 website for changes on a regular basis. 

·         The offer of admission and assignment of seats under CLAT 2021 are preliminary and do not confer any right of admission on an applicant.

Other instructions

• CLAT 2021 online registration will commence on January 1, 2021, and end on June 15, 2021.
• On or before June 15, 2021, the application form, complete in all respects and after payment of fees, must be officially submitted (11:59 P.M.). Application forms that are incomplete will not be evaluated. To minimize last-minute problems, candidates must complete and submit the application form well in advance. The CLAT Office or the organizing university will not be held liable for any incorrect or incomplete information provided to the applicant, or for any difficulty experienced by the candidate as a result of this.
• Candidates must first register on the CLAT 2021 website using their personal cellphone number and e-mail address. An OTP will be given to the registered cellphone number for validation after registration. Candidates can login using their cellphone number and the password they gave upon registration after their mobile number has been authenticated.

· Please complete the form completely. The candidate’s and parents’ names should be spelled exactly as they appear on their certificates/mark sheets/identity proof in the application. Any change or alteration discovered may result in the candidate’s disqualification.

·  The candidate cannot modify the program, category, or BPL field once the application has been filed and paid.

• After the deadline, no changes to the application form will be accepted.
• Candidates must carefully follow the instructions and provide accurate and authentic information. If any information provided by the candidate at any stage of the application, examination, or admission process is found to be false or incorrect, or if there is any discrepancy or mismatch between the information provided by the candidate at the relevant section and the certificates/documents produced at the time of admission, the candidate’s provisional admission will be canceled with immediate effect without assigning any further reason, and the candidate will be required to reapply.
• After the results are announced, the candidate must fill out his or her preferred order for all NLUs.
• Candidates are asked to select the relevant program (UG/PG). Changes to the program requested in the application form will not be considered.
• In the event of unforeseen events leading to the cancellation of a Test city or center, or an insufficient or excessive number of candidates opting to appear from a particular Test Centre, the Convenor, CLAT 2021, reserves the right to cancel such a City/Centre and redirect the applicant to another City/Centre.
• The CLAT 2021 application fee is non-refundable and non-adjustable. In order to claim the benefit of reservation, the candidate must produce the relevant certificates as prescribed by the Government of India/State Government and as required by the respective NLU at the time of admission, as notified by them.
• Before the final allotment, participating National Law Universities reserve the right to adjust the total number of seats and seat break-up according to their policies. The reserve policy may be modified at any moment by the concerned government.
• If an applicant has submitted more than one online application form, only the most recent one will be considered. The application cost for earlier application forms will not be returned in these circumstances.

Documents to be uploaded with the Online Application.

1. A recent passport-size image of yourself in front of a simple background.

2. The candidate’s signature

3. If you’re applying under the SC/ST/OBC categories, you’ll need a category certificate.

4. If the candidate is applying under P.W.D., a relevant certificate is issued by a competent body.

5. If the candidate is applying under the BPL category, a relevant certificate issued by a competent body is required.

NOTE: • At the time of admission, the original certificates/documents issued by the relevant authorities as indicated in the brochure must be provided to the allocated University in the form and manner stipulated by the respective institutions.

• All documents/certificates should be supplied in pdf format only, and the candidate’s photograph and signature do not need to be authenticated when completing the Online Application Form.

Application Fee

 You can only pay your application costs online.

For general/OBC/PWD/NRI/PIO/OCI applicants, the application fee is Rs.4,000/-.

For SC/ST/BPL applicants, the application fee is Rs.3,500.

Previous year’s question papers cost Rs.500 (not included in the CLAT 2021 application price of Rs.4,000 or Rs.3,500, depending on the circumstance).

Candidates will be responsible for any bank transaction fees associated with remitting the money online. After the applicants select a payment method, the real bank transaction fees will be disclosed on the payment gateway page.

There are no refunds on application fees.

Hall Ticket/Admit Card

The applicant can download his or her Admit Card/Hall Ticket by signing into his or her account. On the website, the precise day when the hall tickets will be available will be announced.

Contact Information

P.O. Bag 7201, Nagarbhavi,

Bangalore – 560 072 Karnataka, India

[email protected]

08047162020

10:00 am to 05:00 pm on all working days